2-Butoxyethanol has been assessed as a Priority Substance under the Canadian Environmental Protection Act. (i) airborne concentrations of monoethanolamine (MEA), glycol ethers, and benzyl alcohol (BA) during different cleaning tasks performed by professional cleaning workers and assess their determinants; and (ii) air concentrations of formaldehyde, a known indoor air contaminant. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! Based upon limited data, ambient exposures in air are generally in the μg/m3 range. The mechanism of ethylene glycol ether reproductive and developmental toxicity and evidence for adverse effects in humans. Rats were immunized with TNP-LPS and then exposed 4 and 28 hr later to 50, 100, 200, or 400 mg/kg of glycol ether or EG. There is less confidence in this value, however, due to the paucity of information on mode of induction and, hence, relevance to humans. Levels of airborne 2-butoxyethanol in occupational settings are typically in the mg/m3 range. The percutaneous absorption of the commonly used glycol ether 2-butoxyethanol (ethylene glycol monobutyl ether) was investigated in 12 exposure experiments with five men. Notable observations included loss of coordination, red stained urine, and enlarged discolored kidneys at 867 and 523 ppm. Feces and exhaled CO2 represented minor routes of excretion. 2. Within the class of glycol ethers, the toxicity varies greatly. The purpose of this study was to determine the uptake, metabolism, and excretion of dermally administered glycol ethers as a function of the externally applied dose. In rats, adverse effects on the central nervous system, kidneys, and liver occur at higher exposure concentrations than do haemolytic effects. Ethylene Glycol 107-21-1 Hazard Summary Ethylene glycol has many uses, including as antifreeze in cooling and heating systems, in hydraulic brake fluids, and as a solvent. The etiology and pathogenesis of lesions in some conditions is well understood, but in many other entities and in some species, the study of the pathology of the urinary tract is in its infancy. . The results of in vitro studies indicate that human red blood cells are not as sensitive as rat red blood cells to the haemolytic effects of 2-butoxyethanol and 2-butoxyacetic acid and also that red blood cells are more sensitive to haemolysis by 2-butoxyacetic acid than to haemolysis by 2-butoxyethanol. Toxicities of ethylene glycol (EG) and 6 ethylene glycol mono alkyl ethers administered orally were studied. Toxic doses being expressed as mg/kg body weight, esterification seemed to weaken the atrophic action of EGM and EGE, but when expressed as mol/kg, significant difference was found neither between EGM and EGMA nor between EGE and EGEA. HHS The signal transduction of xanthone as a protector on 2-methoxyethanol-induced cardiac cell damage in mice. EGME and EGMEA are efficiently absorbed by inhalation as well as via dermal penetration. The results showed no delayed. Stability No data submitted 3.2. Timed pregnant Fischer 344 rats and New Zealand White rabbits were exposed to vapor from ethylene glycol monohexyl ether (EGHE, CAS No. In animals, adverse effects on reproduction and development have not been observed at less than toxic doses. OSTI.GOV Journal Article: Acute and subchronic toxicity of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether Title: Acute and subchronic toxicity of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether Full Record The dermal LDââ value was found to be between 2 and 4 g/kg. No evidence was found for excretion of 2-butoxyacetic acid, which has been shown to exert haematological effects in rats. They are used in paints, lacquers, stains, inks and surface coatings, silk-screen printing, photographic and photo lithographic processes, for example, in the semiconductor industry, textile and leather finishing, production of food-contact plastics, and as an antiicing additive in hydraulic fluids and jet fuel. The glycol ethers methoxyethanol (ME), ethoxyethanol (EE), and butoxyethanol (BE) are widely used in industrial and house-hold products. Data from animal studies have been examined from the standpoint of dose-response relationships and the sensitivity of various animal species, including man, to the effects of this chemical. 2005 Mar 28;156(1):13-28. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2003.08.010. In the presence of 17.1 mm ethanol (0.1%) the extraction ratio of EGBE decreased from 0.44 to 0.11. The uptake rates ranged from 7 to 96 nmol.min-1.cm-2. Its potential for bioaccumulation is low. Dose-dependent Michaelis-Menten kinetics in the elimination of EGBE were observed in the investigated concentration range. DEG has also been inappropriately substituted in pharmaceutical preparations for nontoxic constituents, resulting in more than a dozen epidemics of human poisoning, w… Effects on peripheral blood, testes, and sperm have been reported at occupational exposure levels ranging between 0.4 and 10 ppm EGME in air, and with additional, possibly substantial, dermal exposure. Park J, Yoon C, Byun H, Kim Y, Park D, Ha K, Lee Sm, Park S, Chung E. J Occup Health. eCollection 2020. Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) March 2010 . The effects of ethylene glycol alkyl ethers on testis and embryotoxic effects of ethylene glycol monomethyl ether (EGM) have been studied, as has the teratogenicity of ethylene glycol dimethyl ether (EGdM). Ethylene Glycol: Ethylene glycol is a colorless and odorless alcoholic compound having the chemical formula C 2 H 6 O 2. Possibly related to these findings in the liver were decreases in serum transaminases (aspartate and alanine aminotransferase) and sorbitol dehydrogenase, with an increase in alkaline phosphatase observed in the 71-ppm group of female rats. In view of recent findings with other chemically related glycol ethers, particular attention has been given to possible adverse effects on blood and testicular tissue. However, there were no gross or histopathologic lesions found to indicate impairment of the liver. This CICAD was approved as an international assessment at a meeting of the Final Review Board, held in Berlin, Germany, on 26-28 November 1997. The acute 4-hr LC50 (with 95% confidence limits) for Fischer 344 rats was determined to be 486 (339 to 696) ppm of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (EGBE) for males and 450 (315 to 645) ppm for females. The available information on the acute and subchronic toxicity of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether is reviewed. Acute toxicity values, such as oral and percutaneous LD 50 s, are often used as the basis for classifying chemicals into toxicity categories, and their subsequent regulation. Oral dosing of adult male F344 rats with the glycol ether 2-methoxyethanol (ME) or its principal metabolite 2-methoxyacetic acid (MAA) results in the suppression of the primary plaque-forming cell (PFC) response to trinitrophenyl-lipopolysaccharide (TNP-LPS). 2-Butoxyethanol Butyl cellosolve Dowanol EB Glycol butyl ether Poly-solv EB Call fire department. Washington, DC A tolerable concentration of 11 mg/m has been derived, based upon the benchmark concentration for hematological effects in rats, quantitatively taking into account experimental data on interspecies variations in kinetics and dynamics. Sakurai K, Mikamoto K, Shirai M, Iguchi T, Ito K, Takasaki W, Mori K. J Appl Toxicol. Data from animal studies have been examined from the standpoint of dose-response relationships and the sensitivity of various animal species, including man, to the effects of this chemical. 2-Butoxyethanol (BE) is a massively produced glycol ether of which more than 230 million pounds was produced in the United States in 1983. toxicity was also evaluated for each glycol ether in several in vitro and in vivo assays. Rodent studies indicate the ME and EE are potentially toxic compounds causing teratogenic, fetotoxic, hematotoxic, and testicular effects. Decreased body weight gains were observed in both sexes of the 71-ppm group, and a slight decrease was also observed in females of the 41-ppm group. Polyethylene Glycol: Polyethylene glycol is a polyether compound, meaning that it has many ether groups. Indirect exposure of the general population to 2-butoxyethanol is most likely from inhalation and dermal absorption during the use of products containing the chemical. Dermal absorption may contribute substantially to the total uptake following skin contact with liquids or vapours containing EGME or EGMEA. Toxicol.6, 349–355.Adult male rats (Crl:COBS CD (SD)BR) were given undiluted ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (EGBE) by gavage in doses of 222, 443, or 885 mg/kg/day, 5 days/week over a 6-week period. Avoid contact with liquid. Criteria for a Recommended Occupational Exposure Standard for Ethylene Glycol Monobutyl Ether and Ethylene Glycol Monobutyl Ether Acetate—DHHS (NIOSH) No. As a relatively nonvolatile, inexpensive solvent, it is used in many domestic and industrial products because of its properties as a surfactant. One animal in the RESULTS ETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOBUTYL ETHER 351 TABLE 1 SUBCHRONIC TOXICITY OF ETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOBUTYL ETHER SUMMARY OF BODY WEIGHT RESPONSE Day of study Control 222 EGBE (mg/kg) 885 443 0 235 17232 13 238 15 235 23 3 253 20 245 15 249 16 231 26 6 272 19 267 14 270 19 253 22 13 311 25 309 17 306 241 281 22 b.` … In a subsequent study, rats were exposed to mean EGHE concentrations of 0 (control), 20, 41, or 71 ppm for 6 hr/day, 5 days/week, for 13 weeks. The estimated half-life of 2-butoxyethanol in water is approximately 1-4 weeks, and the chemical is likely readily biodegraded in aerobic soil and water. Following supportive treatment and haemodialysis the outcome was favorable. All figure content in this area was uploaded by Tipton Tyler, All content in this area was uploaded by Tipton Tyler on Sep 25, 2015, ... More recent ocular tests in rabbits revealed that 30% and 70% concentrations of 2butoxyethanol were moderately irritating (Kennah et al., 1989). Notice of Proposed Rulemaking Title 22, Section 12805 Specific Regulatory Levels Causing Reproductive Toxicity: ethylene glycol monoethyl ether (EGEE), ethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate (EGEEA) and potassium dimethyldithiocarbamate Early symptoms include intoxication, vomiting and abdominal pain. Abstract. It is not known whether chronic or repeated exposure to ethylene glycol increases the risk of reproductive toxicity or developmental toxicity. Appl. Based upon the development of haemolytic effects in pregnant rats exposed during gestation, a sample tolerable concentration for humans of 13.1 mg 2-butoxyethanol/m3 has been derived. Exceptions do exist, such as the glomerular lesions in New Zealand Black (NZB) mice, which have been studied extensively, in a large number of animals, with sophisticated experimental laboratory techniques. ETHYLENE GLYCOL N-BUTYL ETHER may react with bases, aluminum and oxidizing materials. The in vitro hydrolysis of DGBA in rat blood and its in vivo metabolism and disposition in male Sprague-Dawley rats were studied. NIH 1984 Aug;57:7-12. doi: 10.1289/ehp.84577. The subtle hematologic findings of these studies confirm the known RBC perturbations of EGBE. There were significant depressions of red blood cell (RBC) count (approximately 20% below control values), hemoglobin (Hgb), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) concentration and increases in nucleated erythrocytes, reticulocytes, and lymphocytes in males and females of the 245 ppm group. It is a colourless liquid that is miscible in water and soluble in most organic solvents. Biochem Biophys Rep. 2020 Aug 29;24:100806. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2020.100806. The clipped skin areas of the rabbits were exposed to doses of MSMA for a 24 hours period. Would you like email updates of new search results? This CICAD on 2-butoxyethanol was based upon reviews prepared by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH, 1990) and the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR, 1996). All rights reserved. Prenatal toxicity (1985) Pregnancy Risk Group C Germ cell mutagenicity – BAT value (1995, 2008) 100 mg butoxyacetic acid/l urine 200 mg total butoxyacetic acid/l urine Synonyms n-butoxyethanol O-butyl ethylene glycol butyl glycol EGBE ethylene glycol n-butyl ether glycol butyl ether monobutyl glycol ether 3-oxa-1-hepatanol Environmental Health Perspectives Vol. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. All animals are susceptible to ethylene glycol (EG) toxicity, but it is most common in dogs and cats. Transient eye irritation and barely perceptible skin irritation were among, We tried out the potential irritant and sensitizing effect of the main glycol ethers found in industrial and consumer products. It is used as a solvent in spray lacquers, enamels, varnishes, and latex paints and as an ingredient in paint thinners and strippers, varnish removers, and herbicides. The alkoxyacetic acid was a major metabolite for all three glycol ethers. Function and uses EGBE belongs to the group of glycol ethers, which are mainly used as solvents. Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether (EGME) and propylene glycol monomethyl ether (PGME): inhalation fertility and teratogenicity studies in rats, mice and rabbits. Information on the nature of the peer review and availability of the source documents is presented in Appendix 1. In an acute inhalation study on Wistar albino rats, a 4-hr exposure to 83 ppm EGHE produced no clinical signs, body weight effects, mortality, or macroscopic lesions in thoracic or abdominal organs. The animals were observed for a period of 2 weeks for signs of toxicity following the exposure. For maternal rats at 79.2 ppm, there were transient decrease in body weight and body weight gain during exposure, reduced food consumption, increased water consumption, and excess lacrimation. the observations. Mice were given various doses (62.5, 125, 250, 500, 1,000, 2,000 and 4,000 mg/kg body weight) of the compounds daily for 5 days/week, for 5 weeks. (NTP, 1992). Percutaneous uptake rates were calculated from measured blood levels of butoxyethanol with the use of kinetic parameters (clearance and volume of distribution) obtained in earlier experiments with the same subjects.
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